However, the ligament is most commonly organized into three continuous parts based on the distal attachment points: The medial collateral ligament can be quite variable containing 3-6 parts ranging from superficial to deep. From here, the ligament fans out and inserts onto the talus, calcaneus, and navicular bones. The medial collateral ligament has a proximal attachment on the apex and borders of the medial malleolus. This ligament is important to stabilize the ankle joint in eversion and prevent dislocations of the joint (over-eversion). The medial collateral ligament is a strong, triangular band that reinforces the medial aspect of the ankle joint. Master the ankle joint anatomy with our video tutorials, quizzes, labelled diagrams, and articles: This is why the ankle joint is sometimes referred to as a mortise joint. The malleoli of the tibia and fibula, together with the inferior transverse tibiofibular ligament, form a rectangular socket (mortise) into which the trochlea of the talus fits into. The lateral malleolus of the fibula is positioned more distally and posteriorly than the medial malleolus of the tibia. The lateral malleolus, an enlargement of the distal end of the fibula, articulates with the lateral aspect of the talus.The medial malleolus, a bony projection of the distal end of the tibia, articulates with the medial surface of the talus.The distal end of the tibia is reciprocally shaped so that its congruent with the talar surface. The trochlea of the talus is convex in the parasagittal plane and slightly concave in the transverse plane. The distal end of the tibia articulates with the trochlea of the talus, a pulley-shaped rounded superior articular surface.There are three articulations in the ankle joint: All of the articular surfaces of the ankle joint are covered with hyaline cartilage.
The ankle joint is a complex of articulations between the distal ends of the tibia and its medial malleolus, lateral malleolus of the fibula, and the trochlear surface of the talus.
This article will discuss the anatomy and function of the ankle joint. Tibiotarsal joint: distal end of tibia, medial malleolus of the tibia, lateral malleolus of fibula, body of talusĪnterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, deltoid (tibiocalcaneal, tibionavicular, tibiotalar parts), fibular collateral ligamentsĭeep fibular (peroneal), tibial and sural nervesĪnterior tibial, posterior tibial and fibular arteries The joint also acts as a shock absorber as the heel strikes the ground during the first phases of gait. The main action of the ankle joint is to allow dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the foot, as well as some degree of pronation and supination with subtalar and midtarsal joints. It is often described as a tenon and mortise joint, as the tibia and fibula act as a mortise and form a notch in which the body of the talus fits, acting as the tenon. It is a complex hinge joint composed of two articulations. The ankle joint, also known as the talocrural joint, is a synovial joint that connects the bones of the leg, the fibula and tibia, with the talus of the foot.
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